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The surgical procedure that is frequently performed for tenosynovitis is open release of the tendon sheath. This procedure involves surgically opening the sheath surrounding the affected tendon to alleviate pressure and improve the glide of the tendon, addressing inflammation and pain associated with tenosynovitis.

Open release allows for direct access to the tendon and the surrounding inflamed tissue, enabling the surgeon to remove any fibrous tissue or other obstructive elements and thus facilitate healing. It is particularly indicated when conservative treatments, such as rest, splinting, or steroid injections, have failed to provide relief.

In contrast, other surgical options mentioned do not specifically address the condition of tenosynovitis. Arthroscopy of the wrist may be used for various wrist conditions but is not the primary method for tenosynovitis. Tenodesis of the flexor tendons involves suturing the tendon to a bone to improve function, which does not target the sheath causing tenosynovitis. Joint fusion is a more invasive procedure typically reserved for significant joint instability or arthritis, not directly for treating tendon sheath inflammation. Therefore, open release of the tendon sheath is the recognized and effective surgical intervention for tenosynovitis.